Umthengisi weFerric Chloride eMzantsi Afrika

Yintoni iFerric Chloride?

I-Ferric chloride (i-iron(III) chloride, i-FeCl₃) yityuwa ye-inorganic iron(III) efumaneka njenge-anhydrous solid ebomvu-mdaka emnyama, njenge-hexahydrate (FeCl₃·6H₂O), okanye exhaphake kakhulu njengesisombululo samanzi esingama-40–42%. Yeyona coagulant yentsimbi enyibilikayo ngokukhawuleza, ekhawulezayo enyibilikisa i-hydrolyzing ekhoyo kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kunyango lwamanzi namanzi amdaka ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukujiya ngokukhawuleza izinto ezixutyiweyo, i-colloidal turbidity, izinto eziphilayo zendalo (NOM/DOC), kunye ne-phosphate kuluhlu olubanzi lwe-pH (pH 5–11) kunee-coagulants ezisekwe kwi-aluminium (pH 5.5–8). Ukongeza emanzini, i-Fe³⁺ ijiya ngokukhawuleza ukuze yenze iintlobo ze-iron hydroxide (Fe(OH)²⁺, Fe(OH)₂⁺) kunye ne-amorphous Fe(OH)₃, ezijiya i-colloids ngokuchasa i-charge kunye neendlela zokuswela i-sweep-floc.

Unyango lwamanzi amdaka kunye nokungcola

Kwinkqubo yokucoca amanzi amdaka kamasipala, i-ferric chloride yeyona khemikhali iphambili ekususweni kwe-phosphate. I-Fe³⁺ isabela kunye ne-orthophosphate ukuze yenze i-iron phosphate (FePO₄, Ksp ~ 10⁻²¹), ifikelele kwi-phosphorus iyonke ephumayo engaphantsi kwe-0.5 mg/L ukuze kuthotyelwe imithetho. Yongezwa kwi-sewage eluhlaza, i-primary effluent, i-secondary effluent, okanye i-final clarifier kuxhomekeke ekubeni kufuneka isuswe phi i-P. I-Ferric chloride ikwalawula ivumba le-hydrogen sulphide (H₂S) kwiinkqubo ze-sewer kunye ne-WWTP headworks ngokuphendula ne-sulphide: 2Fe³⁺ + S²⁻ → 2Fe²⁺ + S⁰. Njenge-sludge conditioner, iphucula ukucocwa kwe-sludge yokuqala neyesibini (i-belt filter press, i-centrifuge). I-Ferric chloride ikwasetyenziswa kunyango lwe-industrial effluent ukususa i-phosphate, i-colloidal solids, kunye ne-organics ekutyeni, kwi-textile, nakwi-chemical development water.

Amanzi Okusela, Ukukrola iPCB, kunye nezinye iindlela zokusetyenziswa

Kwimveliso yamanzi okusela, i-ferric chloride isetyenziswa njenge-coagulant yamanzi angaphezulu amdaka kunye ne-NOM (ii-humic acids) ezibangela umbala, ngakumbi emanzini ane-pH engaphezulu kwe-7.5 apho ukusebenza kwe-alum kwehla khona. Kwimveliso ye-elektroniki, isisombululo se-ferric chloride (isisombululo sokutshiza) sisixhobo esiqhelekileyo sokutshiza i-copper board (PCB) - sinyibilikisa i-copper ukuchaza imikhondo yesekethe: FeCl₃ + Cu → FeCl₂ + CuCl. Kwi-pickling yentsimbi, izisombululo ze-ferric chloride zisusa umhlwa kunye ne-mill scale kwiindawo zentsimbi ngaphambi kokugquma. I-Terracore Chemicals inikezela ngesisombululo se-ferric chloride (40%) kwi-IBC nakwiidrum, kwaye njenge-FeCl₃·6H₂O eqinileyo kwiingxowa ezingama-25 kg kulo lonke elaseMzantsi Afrika.