Umthengisi we-Aluminium Sulfate (Alum) eMzantsi Afrika

Yintoni i-Aluminium Sulfate?

I-aluminium sulfate (i-alum, i-Al₂(SO₄)₃) yityuwa ye-aluminium engadalwanga eyi-chemical coagulant esetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela ekucoceni amanzi okusela kamasipala, ekuveliseni amanzi okusela, nasekucaciseni ukungcola kwemizi-mveliso. I-aluminium sulfate yorhwebo iyafumaneka njenge-hydrated solid (Al₂(SO₄)₃·~14H₂O, granular okanye umgubo, “dry alum”), okanye njengesisombululo se-aluminium sulfate engamanzi engama-49–52% (“liquid alum”). I-alum eyomileyo iyanyibilika lula emanzini kwaye i-hydrolyses ivelise iintlobo ze-aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)²⁺, Al(OH)₂⁺, polynuclear Al₁₃) ezithwala i-positive charge kwaye zisebenza kakhulu ekuthomalaliseni i-negative electrostatic charge kwii-smilled clay particles, i-silt, kunye ne-natural organic matter (NOM) colloids emanzini aluhlaza.

Unyango lwamanzi okusela

Kwindlela yokunyanga amanzi okusela, i-aluminium sulfate yongezwa emanzini aluhlaza kwinqanaba lokuxuba ngokukhawuleza kwiidosi ezilawulwayo (ngesiqhelo i-5–50 mg/L njenge-Al₂O₃, kuxhomekeke kwi-turbidity kunye nenqanaba le-NOM). I-alum hydrolyzes yenza i-charged aluminium hydroxide complexes ezijiya (zibangela ukungaguquguquki kunye nokuhlanganiswa) kwee-particles ezixhonyiweyo emanzini aluhlaza. Kwiidosi eziphezulu okanye i-pH 6–7, i-sweep-floc coagulation iyalawula - i-amorphous Al(OH)₃ iyazilahla kwaye ifake ii-colloids kwi-floc blanket enkulu. Ii-floc particles ezivelayo zihlala phantsi kobunzima kwi-clarifier (sedimentation basin) okanye zisuswe yi-DAF. Amanzi acacisiweyo emva koko adlula kwii-rapid sand filters ngaphambi kokuba abulawe. I-Alum isebenza kakuhle kwi-pH 6–8; ukongezwa kwe-lime okanye i-soda ash kulungisa i-pH xa i-alkalinity yamanzi aluhlaza iphantsi.

Izicelo zeMizi-mveliso kunye namanzi amdaka

Kwindlela yokucoca amanzi kwimizi-mveliso, i-aluminium sulfate isetyenziselwa ukucacisa amanzi ngokwenkqubo, ukulawula i-TDS yamanzi apholisayo, kunye nobukhulu bokwenziwa kwephepha. Kwishishini lephepha ne-pulp, i-alum isetyenziselwa ukulungisa ubungakanani be-rosin kwiifayibha ze-pulp kunye nokulawula iidiphozithi zepitch. Kwindlela yokucoca amanzi amdaka, i-alum yi-phosphate precipitant - isabela kunye ne-orthophosphate (PO₄³⁻) ukwenza i-aluminium phosphate (AlPO₄), ifikelela kumanqanaba e-fluent total phosphorus (TP) angaphantsi kwe-1 mg/L ukuze kuthotyelwe ukukhutshwa. I-Terracore Chemicals inikezela nge-aluminium sulfate kwiingxowa ze-granular/powder (25 kg) kunye neengxowa ze-1 MT, kwaye njenge-alum engamanzi kwi-IBC okanye kwi-tanker, kulo lonke elaseMzantsi Afrika.